monovalent cations การใช้

• P2X receptor channels transport small monovalent cations, although some also transport Ca 2 +.
• The channel is permeable to most monovalent cations, which move through the channel in single file.
• Unlike the tandem G-U motif, the A-A platform motif binds preferentially to monovalent cations.
• As a channel, it conducts calcium and monovalent cations to ATP and by the kinase mutants . [ supplied by OMIM]
• PIH has now been demonstrated in natrolites containing monovalent cations as well as in large-pore zeolites, pyrochlores, clays and graphite oxide.
• Extensive study has been performed on compounds of the form, where M represents a monovalent cation and An is either uranium, neptunium, or plutonium.
• Essentially these arise when the cation : uranium ratio is different from 2 : 1 ( monovalent cations ) or 1 : 1 ( divalent cations ).
• The typical perovskite structure is ABX 3, where A is a monovalent cation, and B is a divalent metallic cation and X is a monovalent anion.
• The identification of these proteins as members of the CPA2 family reveals that monovalent cation transport is required for " Bacillus " spore formation and germination.
• In the early stages, RNA forms secondary structures stabilized through the binding of monovalent cations, divalent cations and polyanionic amines in order to neutralize the polyanionic backbone.
• Ion exchange resins are organic polymers containing anionic functional groups to which the divalent cations ( Ca + + ) bind more strongly than monovalent cations ( Na + ).
• This is probably the source of the observation that divalent metal ions are required at low ionic strength, but can be dispensed with at higher concentrations of monovalent cations.
• Cassaine can be defined as a specific inhibitor of monovalent cation transport and of Na +-K + ATPase; the result being an inotropic effect on cardiac muscle.
• The G-quartet typically binds monovalent cations such as potassium, while other bases can bind numerous other ligands such as hypoxanthine in a U-U-C-U quadruplex.
• In general, gramicidin channels are completely selective for monovalent cations and the single-channel conductances for the alkali cations are ranked in the same order as the aqueous mobilities of these ions.
• These channels allow monovalent cations such as potassium to pass through . " B . thuringiensis " toxin genes have been engineered to make a variety of pest-resistant, genetically modified plants.
• "Mycobacterium tuberculosis " ?-isopropylmalate synthase requires a divalent metal ion, of which Mg 2 + and Mn 2 + give highest activity, and a monovalent cation, with K + as the best activator.
• Divalent cations like block the channel by binding near its mouth so it is essentially impermeable to divalent cations and also excludes anions . in particular is excluded from the channel because its hydration shell is thermodynamically stronger than that of most monovalent cations.
• Double sulfates with the general formula, are known where " A " is a monovalent cation such as sodium, potassium, rubidium, caesium, or cobalt ( III ), gallium, molybdenum, indium, ruthenium, rhodium, or iridium.
• A family with recessive osteogenesis imperfecta has been reported to have a mutation in the " TMEM38B " gene on chromosome 9 . This gene encodes TRIC-B, a component of TRIC, a monovalent cation-specific channel involved in calcium release from intracellular stores.